Aliran Aliran Besar Dalam Pendidikan

Abstract

Education is a systematic effort to shape the whole person, giving rise to various schools of thought that have developed throughout history. Each school of thought has unique characteristics in understanding the nature of education, its goals, methods, and the roles of educators and students. Traditionalist education emphasizes the importance of transmitting past values and knowledge through structured methods. Meanwhile, progressivism prioritizes students' learning experiences with a flexible and contextual approach. Existentialism emphasizes individual freedom in determining the direction of education, while essentialism focuses on mastering basic knowledge and core skills. Social reconstructionism promotes education as a tool to improve social conditions and create better social change. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the basic concepts of various educational schools of thought, so that they can serve as a theoretical foundation for developing educational models relevant to today's challenges.